按时参加每节课。 This is the number one factor in student success
in college. When you miss class, you miss lecture notes, class discussions, homework
explanations, assignments, quizzes, and tests.
为每节课做好准备。 课前完成作业。 Lectures will be easier
to follow, and you will better understand class discussions. 做一个积极的倾听者。
不要害怕问问题！ If you have a question, chances are 90% of the
class has the same question.
尽可能坐在教室前面。 Research shows that sitting in the front
of the class is directly related to higher grades. It is easier to see the board and
to ask questions.
讲座及讲稿
如果讲课内容跟课文一样，就把书带到课堂上。 这可以帮助你保持专注。
你也可以在你的本子上添加笔记，说明讲座中什么是重要的。 This
will help in studying for tests later.
使用一个记笔记的系统（参见记笔记技巧）。 If your instructor uses slideshow
presentations and posts them online, print them up before class; you can add information
to them in class.
Listen for cue words or phrases like, "This is important," or "This may be on the
test," or "To summarize..." All instructors give clues to what is important and what
may be on tests. 他们可能会重复信息不止一次。 They may pause before
giving information to make sure everyone is listening. These are cues that the material
is important and will probably be on the test.
下课后，尽快花5-15分钟复习笔记。 Clarify, summarize,
and think about the major concepts that you learned. Mark information that you think
may be on a quiz or test.
导师和同伴
与你的导师沟通。 Instructors should give you their contact info
and office hours. Do not hesitate to contact an instructor when you have a question,
concern, or problem. 大多数老师都会很乐意帮助你。 If you get to know
your instructors, you'll feel more connected to the class and more motivated to do
the work. And if things get rough, you will have formed a relationship with your instructor
and will be able to communicate your needs and circumstances.
学习如何适应不同的老师。 每个教练都是不同的。 Part of
the college experience is learning how to learn regardless of the instructor's teaching
style. 你要对自己的学习负责。
建立一个学习小组。 了解你的同学。 If you setup a study group, you
will help members of the group reinforce what you are studying. You can also compare
notes to make sure you did not miss anything. Get a class buddy that you can share
notes with, or text if you need to clarify something, or if you miss class.
学习习惯与技巧
改编自琳达·奥布莱恩的《如何在大学取得好成绩》
之前学习
For every credit hour, plan to spend two hours of study time outside of class (e.g.
12 credit hours = 36 total hours of school).
定期找一个好地方学习。 Does it have a writing surface, good
lighting, and is it slightly uncomfortable? 好。 你不会想睡着的！
确保准备好了纸、笔、铅笔等。 Before you start, eliminate
anything that could distract you or interrupt your concentration. Some students find
studying on campus creates a good environment.
了解自己对学习方式的偏好，并据此准备学习材料。
Know when you study best, so you can organize your studying time for when you are
most productive.
安排好你的学习时间，总是留出比你认为你需要的更多的时间！
在你开始之前，制定一个现实的计划。
如果你有一件事情似乎难以应付，把它分成更小的部分。
要具体! Instead of saying "I will study biology," say "I will read and study
pages 12-20, and do review questions at the end of the section."
If you have a lot to do, prioritize your work to make sure that you have enough time
for the things that are most important. Check out the Eisenhower Matrix for prioritization
and modify it to your needs.
在研究
开始学习有时是最难的部分。 Do not wait until
you are in the mood. If you have trouble getting started, begin with something simple,
or a subject you like.
在不同类型的任务之间交替，这样你就能保持专注。
知道什么时候该休息。 站起来，伸伸懒腰，四处走走等等。 This might look different
for everyone - some people may work for 25-minute spurts with 5-minute breaks. Others
might do well working for 60-minute spurts with 10-minute breaks. Figure out what
works for you!
To avoid internal distractions: Keep a to-do list nearby and record any reminders
to yourself or worries that may distract you while you are studying (e.g., buy toilet
paper, call mom, feed the dog). Dump them out of your brain so you can clear your
mind for studying.
使用注意力计分表。 Each time you find your mind wandering, make a check
mark on the sheet. Within just a few study sessions, you should find that you have
far fewer check marks and far greater concentration.
